Revista Facultad de Odontologia

Introduction: this study aimed to compare the efficacy of two different endodontic activation systems in removing debris from the mesial canals of mandibular molars across root thirds. Methods: the mesial canals of fifteen human mandibular first molars were prepared with files, irrigated with 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite and 17 % EDTA, and divided into three groups (n=5) based on the type of activation: Control (activation with master cone), Ultrasound Irrigation (UI), and Ultra X (Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation - PUI). The roots were sectioned into thirds (cervical, mid, and apical), exposing root canals, and prepared for scanning electron microscopy. A total of 135 microphotographs (3 microphotographs for each root level) were obtained. To determine the most effective activation system, three calibrated endodontic specialists evaluated all images. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (95 %). Results: the PUI system demonstrated the highest efficacy, followed by UI, while the control was the least efficient (p<0.001). Significant differences were found between PUI and the other systems at each root level: Control (p=0.039), UI (p=0.327), and PUI (p=0.024). Root canal cleaning decreased from cervical to apical in all groups, with the UI group showing a more regular cleaning pattern at all levels. Conclusion: the PUI system was the most effective, followed by UI. The efficacy of the activation systems decreased as the working depth increased.

Introduction: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization is a qualitative enamel defect that affects the tooth enamel. This condition is accompanied by Dental Hypersensitivity (DH), given by the high porosity of the affected enamel, generating pain during tooth brushing, when eating cold or hot foods, and during dental consultations. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of a desensitizing treatment for pediatric patients diagnosed with MIH. Methods: an observation guide was used, applied to pediatric patients between 6 and 12 years of age, with a sample of 30 affected teeth. The treatment consisted of the application of fluoride varnish and the use of an 8% arginine paste for 30 days, evaluating DH before and after, with the Schiff and Tactile measurement scale. Results: there was found that before the treatment the patients were at level 2 on the tactile scale and level 2-3 on the Schiff scale and after treatment, they were at level 1-0 on both scales. Conclusion: there was a reduction in sensitivity, demonstrating that the treatment may be effective.

Introduction: this study aimed to analyze the relationship between access to information from parents and/or caregivers about oral hygiene and the fluoride concentration in toothpaste chosen for Peruvian children under 12 years old. Methods: this cross-sectional study used data from the "Demographic and Family Health Survey" in Peru to analyze 63,849 children under 12 years old from 2018 to 2022. Chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance were applied to assess the relationship between the main variables considering associated factors such as the information provider, year, age, region, and area of residence. Results: it was found that 57% of children with access to information used toothpaste with an adequate concentration of fluoride, while the public sector health services (36%), private sector health services (7.9%), and media (6.5%) were the most influential sources of information in the choice of toothpaste with adequate concentration. A statistically significant relationship was also found between the variables access to parental information and /or caregivers on oral hygiene and Fluoride concentration used in toothpaste for children (p < 0.001). Conclusions: there is a positive influence of parents’ and/or caregivers’ access to information about oral care on the use of toothpaste with adequate fluoride for their children under 12 years of age in Peru. Furthermore, information providers such as the private sector health services, public sector, and media have a significant impact on its use.

In the last years, clinicians and researchers have evaluated orthodontic treatment outcomes through intraoral examination or the use of indices. One of the most frequently used indices is the Grading System for Dental Casts and Panoramic Radiographs System (CRE). A literature search was carried out in different databases such as PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, Cochrane, and other sources, through a structured strategy using keywords and Boolean operators. The references that met the search criteria and the researchers' examination were obtained in full text, classified, and analyzed to collect information on the 4 set out topics: 1. CRE (ABO/OGS) in the evaluation of the quality of results, 2. CRE (ABO/OGS) and other indices, 3. CRE (ABO/OGS) digital implementation, 4. CRE (ABO/OGS) regional implementation. 103 articles were found, of which 52 were selected. The use of CRE worldwide was observed, showing that it is a versatile tool in multiple fields, such as analysis of therapeutic management, type of equipment used, measurement stability, performance of university and private services, among other topics aimed at knowing the result of orthodontic treatment. From other part, its use along with other indices seems to be a complement that would allow analysis of dental, skeletal, and facial variables not contemplated. The digital implementation of the CRE (ABO/OGS) shows to be a promising tool that after adjustments can bring advantages in the analysis of results. Likewise, it has been found that the use of CRE (ABO/OGS) within universities has generated improvement in treatment results when compared over time.

Introduction: dental caries is caused by poor oral hygiene, so it is necessary to have adequate hygiene. The objective of the study was to determine the practice of toothbrushing in Peruvian children under 12 years of age between 2019 and 2021. Methods: a cross sectional, analytical, and retrospective analysis was used by applying the 2019,2020 and 2021 Demographic and Family Health Survey databases. 38 203 records were obtained in 2019, 18 613 in 2020, and 35 759 in 2021. The variables were general, daily , and minimum two times a day toothbrushing, natural region, area and place of residence, altitude, wealthindex, health insurance coverage, age, and sex. A descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistical evaluation was carried out. Results: t hat gene ral toothbrushing was 94.93% (n=83,032), daily toothbrushing was 86.32% (n=67,753), and at least twice a day was 82.93% (n=53,824). In multivariate form, the year 2020 showed a negative association with daily toothbrushing (RPa: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96 0.99; p< 0.001) and at least twice a day (RPa: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.95 0.98; p<0.001). The year 2021 revealed a negative association with general toothbrushing (RPa:0.98; 95%CI: 0.97 0.98; p<0.001), daily (RPa:0.97; 95%CI: 0.95 0.98; p<0.001) and minimum twice a day (RP a: 0.94; 95%CI: 0.92 0.96; p<0.001), adjusted for the previously associated covariates. Conclusions: t he studied years were negatively associated with general toothbrushing, daily toothbrushing, and toothbrushing minimum twice daily.